Enenhnta Epta - To Periodiko ths Politistikhs Prwteyoysas Teyxos 6o

Grafikh apokatastash toy Oktagwnoy sthn ysterorwmaikh fash, me xrhsh hlektronikwn meswn.

H 8essalonikh, h polh poy giortase prosfata -to 1985- ta 2300 xronia apo thn idrysh ths, me pragmatikh hlikia poy 3eperna ta 4.000 xronia, exei plh8wra mnhmeiwn. Oi arxaiologoi filotimws epixeiroyn na ta diaswsoyn. Kata kanona, omws, oyte apo ta akeraia den prokyptoyn oi arxikes morfes toys, dioti ki ayta synti8entai apo diaforetika melh, diaforetikwn epoxwn. Den einai eykolo na fantastoyme pws 8a htan h Rotonta kata thn Rwmaikh epoxh, otan den eixe ginei akomh h pros8hkh toy ieroy sta anatolika kai xwris ton minare.

H dynatothta ths biwshs toy xronoy kata thn perihghsh toy mnhmeioy san ktisma mias sygkekrimenhs epoxhs, einai pleon efikth xarh sta hlektronika mesa.

H anaparastash ths kinhshs sthn o8onh toy ypologisth toy proserxomenoy sto Oktagwno 8eath, gyrw kai mesa sto ktirio, ws prwth peiramatikh efarmogh toy programmatos «h polh katw apo thn polh», htan ena egxeirhma gia thn Kallitexnikh Diey8ynsh toy OPPE8.

H ylopoihsh aplh, oso kai syn8eth, gia na epanadomh8ei, stis kata to dynaton pragmatikes sxediastikes kai kataskeyastikes toy diastaseis, to mnhmeio, na ginei, dhladh, h grafikh toy apokatastash mesa apo programmata hlektronikwn ypologistwn kai na apodo8ei to arxiko ktisma ths ysterorwmaikhs epoxhs.

Stoxos htan, na mporesoyme mesa apo realistikes katastaseis fwtismoy, yfhs kai xrwmatos ylikwn, na perpathsoyme ston eswteriko kai e3wteriko xwro toy ktirioy. Na ais8an8oyme, oso to dynaton pio konta, sthn kataskeyastikh, optikh antilhch kai stis ay8entika prwtarxikes ais8hseis poy proslambanan, toso o arxitektonas poy to synelabe, oso kai oi anwnymoi episkeptes toy, thn epoxh poy ayto htan entagmeno organika sto anaktoro, ston 4o aiwna m.X.

To Oktagwno einai to prwto mnhmeio toy Galerianoy Sygkrothmatos poy fanerwnetai sta matia mas, ka8ws anebainoyme apo thn odo Byrwnos sthn Plateia Nayarinoy. Swzetai se ycos 7,30 m. kai einai en genei ena ktisma se mege8os kai morfh sygkrisimo me thn Rotonta.

Oi e3wterikes diastaseis toy ktismatos einai: mhkos ston kyrio a3ona 51,5 m., platos sthn ai8oysa toy pro8alamoy 42,5 m., platos sthn oktagwnikh ai8oysa 32,60 m., pi8ano ycos sto eswraxio toy sfairikoy 8oloy +27,40 m. apo to palaio xristianiko dapedo. Oi melethtes pisteyoyn oti to ktirio ktisthke ws Mayswleio toy Galerioy, ws latreytiko ktirio kai ai8oysa 8ronoy.

Lambanontas ypocin stoixeia twn perigrafwn kai thn yparxoysa shmera katastash, katelh3a se morfh, poy 8ewrw oti ypakoyei pista stis perigrafes, gia osa tmhmata anaferontai kai aposafhnizontai.

Se 8emata morfologias ths ochs kai anaforika me ton yparxonta eswteriko diakosmo toy ktirioy, kai thn ypar3h h mh twn peristyliwn poy to periballoyn, ef8asa se mia proswpikh apoch, meta apo bibliografikh meleth paromoiwn ktismatwn ths epoxhs. H ekdoxh poy paroysiazetai einai ayth poy prokyptei apo ta dedomena stoixeia. H proswpikh moy ektimhsh einai oti brisketai konta sthn alh8eia.

Pisteyw pws h plhsiesterh sthn alh8eia oloklhrwmenh morfh poy exoyme gia shmantika ktiria, prepei eikonika na paroysiazetai, me prospa8eia taytishs twn ais8hsewn mas me ekeines twn an8rwpwn poy ta ezhsan, sthn arxikh toys morfh.

H diarkeia ths ergasias apaithse 75 hmeres kai arketes nyxtes. Meta apo 55 hmeres to ktirio oloklhrw8hke sth mnhmh toy ypologisth.

Meta thn oloklhrwsh ths domhs toy, topo8eth8hkan, sth mnhmh toy ypologisth, mesa kai e3w apo to ktirio, 70 ideates eikonolhptikes mhxanes binteo, oi opoies synde8hkan meta3y toys se mia koinh poreia pi8anhs eisodoy enos parathrhth. Do8hke entolh h ka8e mhxanh binteo na parei apo thn mnhmh toy 8ematos toy ypologisth sygkekrimeno ari8mo fwtografiwn, oi opoies katopin synenw8hkan gia na apotelesoyn mia eniaia tainia. Treishmisi xiliades egxrwmes chfiakes eikones, me ba8os xrwmatos osa diakrinei to an8rwpino mati, problh8hkan sthn o8onh toy ypologisth (synolika arxeia 2300 Megabyte).

O xwros, to fws, oi ais8hseis.

O arxitektonas toy to xwrizei se tria merh, thn ai8oysa toy pro8alamoy, thn kyriws oktagwnikh ai8oysa, kai thn kyriarxh megalh kogxh. Mpainontas apo thn eisodo, briskomaste se kentriko parallhlepipedo xwro, o opoios katalhgei de3ia kai aristera se dyo kogxes. Akoloy8ei o enwtikos diadromos meta3y ths ai8oysas pro8alamoy kai ths kyriws oktagwnikhs ai8oysas. Diabainontas ton diadromo, kai metakinoymenoi pros to kentro ths ai8oysas, ta matia mas anagkazontai na aneboyn stadiaka pros ton terastio 8olo.

Me thn eisodo mas sto or8ogwniko tmhma toy pro8alamoy, ais8anomaste th diaspash kai th diastolh toy xwroy ston pro8alamo, enw proxwrwntas pros thn kyriws oktagwnikh ai8oysa ais8anomaste thn pros ta anw anatash, poy entexna epediw3e o arxitektonas. H epityxia ofeiletai sthn anasyn8esh twn dyo tetartosfairiwn toy pro8alamoy se eniaio troylo, me parallhlh ay3hsh ths diametroy, poy exei san apotelesma na ay3anei o katakoryfos a3onas. Dhmioyrgei, parallhla me thn oloklhrwsh, thn tash gia anatash pros to apeiro toy 8oloy. Ta merh ths olhs syn8eshs emfanizoyn xarakthra mhxanismoy poy ergazetai. To synolo ypotassetai katw apo thn pantodynamia toy 8oloy.

Me thn entexnh topo8ethsh twn epta perimetrikwn kogxwn sthn perimetro ths oktagwnikhs ai8oysas, epitygxanei o arxitektonas, mazi me thn ais8hsh toy deoys toy 8oloy, na mas dhmioyrghsei kai ais8hmata foboy, afairwntas stadiaka, apo th bash toy megaloy 8oloy kai pros ta katw, th diatomh sthri3hs. H olh syn8etikh kinhsh einai anti8eth sthn statikh pragmatikothta ths epoxhs, h opoia apaitei, katebainontas pros th bash, toylaxiston thn idia diatomh.

Bhmatizontas sthn kyriws oktagwnikh ai8oysa, oi se oktagwnikh katoch to3ostoixies deixnoyn sto mati eikones me apeires metallages mias kai ths ayths eniaias morfhs. H olh morfologia sthn oktagwnikh ai8oysa exei kampyles grammes, epifaneies leies kai epipedo diakosmo, paroysiazontas ena optiko synolo eikonwn opoy to mati ais8anetai eyxarista.

Ston xwro, orizetai kyriarxa h ypar3h toy kata mhkos a3ona, me katalh3h thn, ypermege8h se diastash, kentrikh kogxh. Me mono ayto to xarakthristiko den mporoyme na katata3oyme to ktirio sta apolytws perikentra. H megalh, kentrikh kogxh me tis megales prooptikes grammes poy dhmioyrgei, enopoiei kai synteinei sthn anatash. H armonikh ta3h toy periballontos sthn kyriws ai8oysa, anagkazei to mati na kinh8ei pros oles tis katey8ynseis kai mas dinei mia ais8hsh eley8erias.

Me dedomeno to megaleio poy e3epempe to neo ayto ktirio, den mporoyme na 8ewrhsoyme api8ano oti oi syn8etikes kai ais8htikes toy a3ies metaphdhsan metallagmenes se naoys opws twn Agiwn Sergioy kai Bakxoy ths Kwnstantinoypolhs, toy Agioy Bitalioy ths Rabennas, gia na broyn thn apolyth ekfrash toys sthn Agia Sofia ths Kwnstantinoypolhs.

H anti8esh fwteinwn kai skoteinwn epifaneiwn synteinei akomh perissotero sto na anadeiknyetai to apeiro toy xwroy. To ba8os enteinetai akomh perissotero me thn entexnh meleth kai efarmogh ths eiserxomenhs posothtos amesoy kai emmesoy fwtismoy. O amesos fwtismos eiserxetai thn anatolh ka8e hmeras apo thn anatolikh pleyra kai bainei meioymenos kata thn 12h meshmbrinh. Thn 12h meshmbrinh yparxei mhdenikh posothta amesoy fwtismoy kai to eswteriko fwtizetai apo ton yparxonta panta ekeinh thn wra entono emmeso fwtismo. Meta thn 12h meshmbrinh, o amesos fwtismos arxizei ay3anomenos apo thn dytikh pleyra, gia na f8asei sthn megalyterh dynath entash me thn dysh toy hlioy. O pio entonos amesos fwtismos katey8ynetai sto dapedo ths kentrikhs ai8oysas toy Oktagwnoy, afhnontas ypofwtismeno ton eswteriko xwro ths ka8e kogxhs, idiaiterws ths kentrikhs, h opoia sto kentro ths den dexetai ameso fwtismo kamia wra ths hmeras, kai omws einai synexws orath, panta ypofwtizomenh.

H ais8hsh toy apeiroy ginetai megalyterh koitazontas pros tis kogxes kai eidikotera sthn kentrikh.

To olo programma apotelei enan apo toys dromoys gia thn dieyrynsh twn ais8hmatwn, sxetika me th monh zwntanh istorikh mnhmh poy koybala o xwros mas, ta mnhmeia poy mas periballoyn.

Opwsdhpote, megalyteres omades ergasias, diaforwn eidikothtwn, 8a epityxoyn kalytera apotelesmata kai -gia xarh ths eyryterhs apokalychs twn «ais8hsewn» twn mnhmeiwn kai ths mnhmhs poy mas periballei-, ofeiloyn na sygkroth8oyn.

D.G.Teneketzhs

Epistrofh sthn prohgoymenh selida..

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