According to mythology, Milos was the name of the island's first settler who was sent there by Aphrodite from Cyprus. Filakopi, the island's oldest town which dates back to 3,000 BC, was one of the most significant cultural centres of the Cyclades. Milians took part in the Persian Wars on the side of the Greeks. They remained neutral during the Peloponnesian War though, and, as a result, the Athenians attacked the island twice. Milos enjoyed great prosperity in the time of the Macedonians, which continued during the time of the Ptolemies and the Romans. In Byzantine times, it belonged to the Theme of the Aegean and it was plagued by pirate raids like the rest of the Cyclades. After the fall of Constantinople, it passed to the Venetians, who kept it up until 1580. The pirate raids continued all through the Turkish domination. In 1700 the pirate Ioannis Kapsis was elected "king of Milos", a title which he kept for three years. Milos took an active part in the Greek War of Independence of 1821. In 1835, Cretan revolutionaries from Sfakia established themselves on the island and founded the town of Adamas.