The climate of Kythera is mild and healthy. The winter is relatively mild and the temperature never drops very low. The summer is cool and pleasant, although the wind frequently blows from the north.

The majority of the area of Kythera is mountainous. In the few valleys of the island, there are cultivations of olives, grapes, almonds, onions, garden products, lemons and figs. The island also produces fresh, tasty honey and wine of good quality.

The island of Kythera is situated southeast of the Peloponnese. It is the most remote island of the Ionian Islets. It is 120 n.m. away from the port of Piraeus. The island's surface area is 280 sq. km. and the population consists of 3,500 inhabitants. The island's coasts, rocky and steep, are 52 km long.

The ground of Kythera is mainly mountainous. Upon it there are two parallel mountain rages, their highest peaks being Digenis (490 m) and Mirmigari (506 m). Near the settlement of Milopotamos is the stream "Fonissa" (:Murderess). According to tradition, the stream was named "Fonissa" because of the death of a young girl who slipped and drowned in the stream. The vegetation here consists of plane trees, stubbles and a multitude of flowers which grow because of the running water, thus the scenery is majestic. The waterfall of "Neraida" (:Fairy) who took its name after the legend which claims that the fairies dance here every night is also situated here. In the old days, a water mill stood here from where, during the Greek Revolution, the fighters from the Peloponnese were provided with flour. The locals claim that Theodoros Kolokotronis once passed by this area.

The people of Kythera are quiet and pleasant. They love foreigners, thus they are very kind and hospitable to them. The character and the life of the locals are more similar to the Cycladians than the Ionians. The people of Kythera are occupied with agriculture and tourism, which has just recently developed.