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RFE/RL Newsline, Vol. 4, No. 34, 00-02-17

Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Newsline Directory - Previous Article - Next Article

From: Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty <http://www.rferl.org>

RFE/RL NEWSLINE

Vol. 4, No. 34, 17 February 2000


CONTENTS

[A] TRANSCAUCASUS AND CENTRAL ASIA

  • [01] ARMENIAN PRESIDENT EXPECTS CLOSER TIES WITH LEBANON
  • [02] ARMENIAN PRESIDENT'S REFERENDUM IDEA DRAWS FIRE
  • [03] INCOME GAP WIDENS IN ARMENIA
  • [04] AZERBAIJAN PLANS TO SELL GAS TO TURKEY
  • [05] AZERBAIJAN POLICE ARREST ASSASINATION ATTEMPT SUSPECT
  • [06] RELIGIONS MINISTRY URGED FOR AZERBAIJAN
  • [07] GEORGIA CONFIDENT OF RUSSIA'S SUPPORT ON ABKHAZIA AFTER
  • [08] OSCE SETS UP OBSERVER MISSION ON GEORGIAN-CHECHEN BORDER
  • [09] NAZABAEV SAYS KAZAKHSTAN WON'T JOIN RUSSIA-BELARUS UNION...
  • [10] ...ARGUES KAZAKHSTAN NOT READY FOR LOCAL VOTES
  • [11] KYRGYZ, UZBEK OFFICIALS DISCUSS 'RELIGIOUS EXTREMISM'
  • [12] BOMB BLAST KILLS DEPUTY MINISTER IN TAJIKISTAN
  • [13] TURKMENBASHI IS COMPUTERIZED

  • [B] SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE

  • [14] MONTENEGRO SAYS BELGRADE SETTING UP PARAMILITARIES
  • [15] FEDERAL AUTHORITIES REOPEN MONTENEGRIN AIRPORT
  • [16] BELGRADE SETTING UP TELEVISION STATION IN MONTENEGRO?
  • [17] MILOSEVIC PARTY CONGRESS OPENS
  • [18] UCK BLAMES MILOSEVIC FOR KOSOVA VIOLENCE
  • [19] UN APPEALS FOR POLICE FOR KOSOVA
  • [20] FRENCH MINISTER TO DISCUSS KOSOVA IN U.S.
  • [21] ANNAN NAMES NEW BOSNIAN POLICE CHIEF
  • [22] EU OUTLINES TASKS FOR CROATIA
  • [23] ALBANIA GETS FIRST OMBUDSMAN
  • [24] ROMANIAN DEFENSE MINISTER QUITS DEMOCRATIC PARTY
  • [25] CYANIDE POLLUTION BACK TO ROMANIA
  • [26] WORLD BANK, IMF SPECIFY CONDITIONS FOR RESUMING AID TO
  • [27] BULGARIA EXPECTS TO JOIN EU BEFORE 2007

  • [C] END NOTE

  • [28] KOCHARIAN'S KARABAKH STRATEGY CHALLENGED BY HARD-LINE RIVALS

  • [A] TRANSCAUCASUS AND CENTRAL ASIA

    [01] ARMENIAN PRESIDENT EXPECTS CLOSER TIES WITH LEBANON

    President Robert Kocharian said in Beirut on 16 February

    that he expects his visit will "deepen" the already well-

    established ties between Armenia and Lebanon, RFE/RL's

    Armenian Service reported. Commenting on military cooperation

    between Turkey and Israel, Kocharian said Yerevan views it

    with "certain concerns," and he urged both countries to do

    more to prove their ties are "not directed against third

    countries." In other remarks, Kocharian called for the

    withdrawal of Israeli forces from southern Lebanon. PG

    [02] ARMENIAN PRESIDENT'S REFERENDUM IDEA DRAWS FIRE

    Yerevan

    newspapers on 16 February attacked President Kocharian's

    recent suggestion that any peace accord on Nagorno-Karabakh

    could be put to a referendum, RFE/RL's Armenian Service

    reported. "Haykakan Zhamanak" said this idea "can change the

    logic of the conflict's settlement," reducing Kocharian's

    influence on the process. "Aravot," meanwhile, asked why

    such a vote should be taken in Armenia: "If there is any need

    for such a referendum, it should be held in Azerbaijan and

    Karabakh rather than Armenia." PG

    [03] INCOME GAP WIDENS IN ARMENIA

    The average annual income of

    the richest 20 percent of the Armenian population is now 32

    times higher than that of the poorest 20 percent, compared

    with 27 times higher three years ago, according to an

    Armenian government survey reported by RFE/RL's Armenian

    Service. But the government noted that these figures do not

    reflect the large shadow economy or the substantial cash

    inflows from Armenians abroad. And the government said that

    despite this widening gap, Armenians are now eating better

    than they did in 1996, although not yet at the consumption

    levels of the late Soviet period. PG

    [04] AZERBAIJAN PLANS TO SELL GAS TO TURKEY

    Azerbaijani and BP

    Amoco officials announced on 16 February that Baku plans to

    sell its own natural gas to Turkey two years from now, Turan

    and ITAR-TASS reported. The first deliveries from

    Azerbaijan's Shah Deniz field are to reach Turkey in the

    winter of 2002-2003, officials said. PG

    [05] AZERBAIJAN POLICE ARREST ASSASINATION ATTEMPT SUSPECT

    Baku

    police said on the capital's ANS television station on 16

    February that they have arrested Rasim Hasanov, who is

    suspected of being one of the organizers of the 1995

    assassination attempt against President Heidar Aliev. The

    police said that Hasanov has been in the Russian Federation

    since 1995. PG

    [06] RELIGIONS MINISTRY URGED FOR AZERBAIJAN

    Yusuf Cunaydin, the

    deputy chairman of the pro-government Motherland Party, on 16

    February said that various minority religious groups are

    carrying out "sabotage against Azerbaijan," and he urged that

    the government create a special ministry for national

    relations and religions. Other speakers at a conference on

    religious confessions joined in this recommendation,

    Azerbaijani Space TV reported, with some noting that the

    current religious affairs department is "functioning just as

    it did during the Soviet period. Neither structural nor staff

    changes have taken place since it was set up." PG

    [07] GEORGIA CONFIDENT OF RUSSIA'S SUPPORT ON ABKHAZIA AFTER

    CHECHEN EXPERIENCE

    Levan Aleksidze, President Eduard

    Shevardnadze's foreign policy adviser, told Interfax on 16

    February that "after Chechnya, Russia would not dare to

    propose at talks that a Georgian-Abkhaz confederate state be

    created." In other remarks, Aleksidze said that Tbilisi

    plans a balanced approach in foreign affairs, simultaneously

    improving ties with Russia and continuing its efforts at

    integration with Europe. PG

    [08] OSCE SETS UP OBSERVER MISSION ON GEORGIAN-CHECHEN BORDER

    Under the terms of a December 1999 decision, the OSCE is

    setting up a permanent observer mission on the Georgian-

    Chechen border, ITAR-TASS reported on 16 February. Georgian

    President Shevardnadze welcomed the move, saying the presence

    of such observers will make it possible "to once and for all

    do away" with suggestions that Islamic militants and weapons

    are reaching Chechnya via Georgia. PG

    [09] NAZABAEV SAYS KAZAKHSTAN WON'T JOIN RUSSIA-BELARUS UNION...

    In a press conference on 16 February, President Nursultan

    Nazarbaev said that his country does not intend to join any

    unions, including the Union of Russia and Belarus, Interfax

    reported. He said that this is the choice of his nation. In

    other remarks, Nazarbayev came out against any state

    interference in the country's banking system and said that

    the incident concerning the illegal supply of Mig-21s to

    North Korea is over, the Russian news agency said. PG

    [10] ...ARGUES KAZAKHSTAN NOT READY FOR LOCAL VOTES

    Also on 16

    February, President Nazarbaev said that his country is not

    yet ready to elect its local leaders and that those positions

    will remain appointed ones for the immediate future, Interfax

    reported. He said that before such elections could occur,

    Kazakhstan would have to become a law-governed state "where

    all laws will be effective and court decisions will be

    unconditionally fulfilled." PG

    [11] KYRGYZ, UZBEK OFFICIALS DISCUSS 'RELIGIOUS EXTREMISM'

    Officials from Bishkek and Tashkent have met to discuss

    cooperation in the fight against what they called

    manifestations of religious freedom, the "Vecherniy Bishkek"

    website reported on 16 February. One of these officials told

    the paper that "acts by illegal organizations such as the

    Hezb-e Tahrir in Fergana or in Adizhan are being repeated in

    Osh and Bishkek." These sessions are to be followed by a

    meeting of the special service directors of the two

    countries. PG

    [12] BOMB BLAST KILLS DEPUTY MINISTER IN TAJIKISTAN

    A bomb

    explosion in Dushanbe killed Tajikistan's Deputy Security

    Minister and parliamentary candidate Shamsullo Dzhabirov on

    16 February, Reuters reported. Dushanbe Mayor Makhmadzsaid

    Ubaidullayev, who was in the same car as Dzhabirov, escaped

    uninjured. President Imomali Rakhmonov said the bombing

    attack was "an act of terrorism aimed at destabilizing the

    socio-political situation before the parliamentary

    elections," Interfax reported. PG

    [13] TURKMENBASHI IS COMPUTERIZED

    The COMPAQ computer company,

    which has provided computers to Turkmenistan's banks, has now

    given computer software to the country's presidential palace,

    the Turkmen state news agency reported on 16 February.

    Meanwhile, President Saparmurat Niyazov pardoned some 1,500

    convicted criminals on the occasion of his 60th birthday and

    the country's Flag Day. Both take place on 19 February. PG


    [B] SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE

    [14] MONTENEGRO SAYS BELGRADE SETTING UP PARAMILITARIES

    President

    Milo Djukanovic's Democratic Party of Socialists (DPS) said

    in a statement in Podgorica on 16 February that the Yugoslav

    Army General Staff has transformed a military police unit in

    Montenegro into a paramilitary one (see "RFE/RL Newsline," 2

    and 15 February 2000). "The Yugoslav Army General Staff is

    trying to conceal what everybody in Montenegro can see--that

    the seventh military police battalion is in fact a

    paramilitary and party formation made up of the staunchest

    [pro-Belgrade] Socialist People's Party (SNP) structures....

    [That unit] has several times more troops than it did during

    the [1999] NATO air campaign, and it is being trained in

    skills that could be abused," Reuters reported. Montenegrin

    government officials have frequently charged that Belgrade

    has set up paramilitary structures in the mountainous

    republic in the hope of staging a coup against the Djukanovic

    leadership. PM

    [15] FEDERAL AUTHORITIES REOPEN MONTENEGRIN AIRPORT

    Air traffic

    officials reopened Tivat airport on 16 February (see "RFE/RL

    Newsline," 15 February 2000). They said in a statement that

    NATO aircraft had repeatedly entered Yugoslav airspace in the

    area and endangered the safety of civilian air traffic. PM

    [16] BELGRADE SETTING UP TELEVISION STATION IN MONTENEGRO?

    Television transmitting equipment arrived on a military

    aircraft from Belgrade in Podgorica, RFE/RL's South Slavic

    Service reported on 16 February. The daily "Pobjeda" reported

    that the federal authorities plan to set up their own

    television station on a military base in northern Montenegro.

    Information Minister Bozidar Jaredic said that Belgrade has

    not raised the matter with his government. PM

    [17] MILOSEVIC PARTY CONGRESS OPENS

    The congress of the Socialist

    Party of Serbia opened in Belgrade on 17 February. Its main

    purpose is to reshuffle the leadership to present a fresh

    image ahead of the local elections that are expected in

    Belgrade and elsewhere later this year. Yugoslav President

    Slobodan Milosevic told delegates that the 1999 conflict in

    Kosova was a victory for Serbia in its "struggle for freedom

    and independence." Party Secretary-General Gorica Gajevic

    said that the opposition are traitors. More than 100 buses

    brought in party faithful from numerous localities across

    Serbia. The private and independent media were not given

    accreditation to cover the congress. Several foreign

    delegations are present, including from Libya and Iraq.

    Elsewhere, Montenegrin Television reported that several

    Serbian opposition leaders will attend the inauguration of

    Croatian President Stipe Mesic in Zagreb on 18 February. PM

    [18] UCK BLAMES MILOSEVIC FOR KOSOVA VIOLENCE

    Hashim Thaci, the

    leader of the former Kosova Liberation Army (UCK), said in

    Prishtina on 16 February that the recent violence in

    Mitrovica could easily spread to other municipalities in the

    province. General Agim Ceku, who is the former commander of

    the UCK and now head of the civilian Kosova Protection Corps,

    added: "The source of all this violence are Milosevic's

    gangs. If the international community wants to stop the

    violence, it has to stop the source as soon as possible,"

    Reuters reported. PM

    [19] UN APPEALS FOR POLICE FOR KOSOVA

    Assistant Secretary-General

    Hedi Annabi said in a report that the recent violence in

    Mitrovica underscores the need for more foreign police in

    Kosova, AP reported from the UN on 16 February. Only 2,055

    police out of a total of 4,718 promised by several countries

    are currently serving in the province (see "RFE/RL Newsline,"

    14 February 2000). Annabi also noted that some 1,600 Kosovars

    continue to be imprisoned in Serbia. They include several

    prominent ethnic Albanian activists, such as student leader

    Albin Kurti. In related news, the UN's Bernard Kouchner said

    in Mitrovica that another 100 police will arrive in the city

    by the end of February. Some 27 police arrived there from

    Peja on 16 February. PM

    [20] FRENCH MINISTER TO DISCUSS KOSOVA IN U.S.

    A French Defense

    Ministry spokesman said in Paris on 16 February that Defense

    Minister Alain Richard will travel to Washington within one

    week to discuss Kosova. The spokesman added that Richard

    wants to "explain our views to the Americans, who are giving

    out some information which, from our point of view, is

    questionable," Reuters reported. He did not elaborate.

    Elsewhere, Foreign Minister Hubert Vedrine said that "France

    is not at the root of the difficulties that have been

    encountered [by peacekeepers in Mitrovica].... France has

    agreed to be on the frontline [by stationing its forces

    there], which explains why the French are being targeted" by

    armed Serbs and Albanians. PM

    [21] ANNAN NAMES NEW BOSNIAN POLICE CHIEF

    UN Secretary-General

    Kofi Annan appointed France's General Vincent Coeurderoy to

    head the UN police force in Bosnia. He replaces Detlef

    Buwitt, who returns to Germany. The 1,900-strong UN force

    trains and "monitors" local Croatian, Muslim, and Serbian

    police, AP reported. PM

    [22] EU OUTLINES TASKS FOR CROATIA

    Foreign Minister Tonino Picula

    told "Jutarnji list" of 17 February that the EU wants the

    government to decide within one month how it will enable

    ethnic Serbian refugees to return home. EU officials also

    told him during his recent visit to Brussels that they expect

    a clear plan from the government on improving relations with

    Bosnia and on depoliticizing state-run Croatian Television.

    He said that the EU's support for the new government has been

    stronger than Zagreb had expected. Picula added that it will

    take some time to clarify Croatia's legal obligations toward

    the Hague-based war crimes tribunal. He stressed that the

    Justice Ministry has many tasks before it. The ministry will

    have to deal with several unspecified problems before it can

    tackle the question of relations with The Hague. Picula

    added, however, that the government will soon begin direct

    talks with Chief Prosecutor Carla Del Ponte. PM

    [23] ALBANIA GETS FIRST OMBUDSMAN

    The parliament on 17 February

    elected law professor Emir Dobjani as Albania's first-ever

    ombudsman. The position was provided for in the 1998

    constitution at the recommendation of the OSCE. The ombudsman

    will investigate citizens' complaints against officials in a

    country where the government is widely regarded as

    inefficient and corrupt, Reuters reported. PM

    [24] ROMANIAN DEFENSE MINISTER QUITS DEMOCRATIC PARTY

    Victor

    Babiuc on 17 February announced he is resigning from the

    Democratic Party, of which he was a deputy chairman, because

    he has felt "more and more isolated within the leadership of

    a party with whose policies I find it more and more difficult

    to identify," RFE/RL's Bucharest bureau reported. Babiuc said

    he is ready to quit his ministerial post if the party wants

    him to do so. Democrats' spokesman Dumitru Marinescu said

    Babiuc's move was a "surprisingly cynical act." Democratic

    Party Deputy Chairman Traian Basescu said on Romanian

    Television that Babiuc had the opportunity to resign before

    the formation of the new cabinet, headed by Mugur Isarescu,

    and that the move was likely triggered by his realization

    that he would not be nominated for leadership positions at

    the party's national conference later this week. Mediafax

    reported Babiuc may join the National Liberal Party. MS

    [25] CYANIDE POLLUTION BACK TO ROMANIA

    The pollution caused by

    the spill into a tributary of the Tisa River has now returned

    to Romania. Romanian Radio reported on 17 February that

    water supplies in Drobeta Turnu Severin, on the banks of the

    River Danube, were halted the previous day, and fishing in

    the river has been prohibited. Cyanide concentration in the

    waters of the Danube was some 20 times higher than normal.

    Meanwhile, police in Baia Mare launched a criminal

    investigation into the Aurul company, which caused the spill.

    Foreign Minister Petre Roman, responding to Hungarian Premier

    Viktor Orban's statement one day earlier (see "RFE/RL

    Newsline," 16 February 2000), said he "fails to comprehend

    the logic behind suing Romania before the joint experts'

    commission has finalized its investigation." He appealed to

    Budapest "not to attempt to politicize the issue." MS

    [26] WORLD BANK, IMF SPECIFY CONDITIONS FOR RESUMING AID TO

    MOLDOVA

    Roger Grawe, World Bank director for Moldova, told

    journalists in Chisinau on 16 February that the bank is ready

    to resume aid to Moldova if an agreement is reached with the

    IMF and if the privatization process continues, Infotag

    reported. Richard Haas, who recently headed an IMF mission

    to Chisinau, said the fund will resume loaning if the

    government meets the provisions of the memorandum of

    understanding agreed with Dumitru Barghis's cabinet. He said

    the parliament must pass legislation for the privatization

    of the wine and tobacco industries and for the reform of the

    energy sector. Haas said that "if everything is on track" by

    31 March, the IMF will disburse a $35 million tranche in

    May, Infotag reported. MS

    [27] BULGARIA EXPECTS TO JOIN EU BEFORE 2007

    Taking part in the

    opening of the EU enlargement negotiations in Brussels on 15

    February, Foreign Minster Nadezhda Mihailova said her country

    expects to accede to the EU before the end of 2006. She said

    that Bulgaria has made "significant progress" in meeting EU

    membership criteria and that the negotiations with the union

    are "a strong incentive" for pursuing the membership goal

    "with even more determination," BTA reported. Mihailova said

    Bulgaria is ready to start negotiations on 12 chapters of the

    EU Charter. President Petar Stoyanov said in Botevgrad the

    same day that following the start of membership negotiations

    with the EU, the country must "acquire a new frame of mind."

    "We must meet those criteria that would make Bulgarian goods

    competitive, first on the European, and then on the global

    market," he said. MS


    [C] END NOTE

    [28] KOCHARIAN'S KARABAKH STRATEGY CHALLENGED BY HARD-LINE RIVALS

    By Emil Danielyan

    Two years ago, then Armenian President Levon Ter-

    Petrossian took the public by surprise by announcing his

    resignation under pressure from key ministers unhappy with

    his conciliatory line on resolving the Nagorno-Karabakh

    conflict. Masterminding a behind-the-scene effort to remove

    him was Robert Kocharian, then prime minister and the current

    president. Now it looks as though Kocharian may find himself

    in the same situation as his predecessor, as hard-liners show

    reluctance to make major concessions to Azerbaijan.

    The Yerkrapah Union of veterans of the Karabakh war, a

    group that controls many power structures in Armenia, has

    warned that no peace solution will work unless the union

    approves it. At a high-profile meeting on 5 February,

    Yerkrapah leaders signaled their unwillingness to see most

    Armenian-occupied territories in Azerbaijan returned to

    Baku's control--a major condition for peace.

    Kocharian has moved promptly to dispel Yerkrapah's

    concerns, promising that he will not make any deals on

    Karabakh "single-handedly." He even said in televised

    comments late last week that a possible settlement with

    Azerbaijan might be put to a nationwide referendum.

    Yerkrapah, supported by the Armenian government and

    parliament, may have been reassured by the president for now.

    However, its warning is a sign of more difficulties ahead in

    the peace process. For the past year, domestic opposition to

    a compromise solution to the Karabakh conflict was thought to

    be far stronger in Azerbaijan than in Armenia. But recent

    developments suggest that a backlash is no less likely on the

    Armenian side.

    A catalyst for Yerkrapah's outburst of anger was

    speculation in the Armenian press that Kocharian and his

    Azerbaijani counterpart, Heidar Aliev, are considering an

    exchange of territories as a means of ending the dispute.

    Under such a swap, Yerevan would secure Karabakh's de jure

    secession from Azerbaijan in return for ceding a stretch of

    land linking Azerbaijan with its Nakhichevan exclave,

    sandwiched between Armenia and Iran. This is totally

    unacceptable to Yerkrapah and most Armenian political

    parties. Kocharian revealed in his television address last

    week that such an idea was floated by the OSCE mediators but

    categorically rejected by him.

    The unease over that proposal highlighted broader

    Yerkrapah concerns about future concessions to Azerbaijan

    and, in particular, the fate of seven Azerbaijani districts

    around Karabakh that Armenian forces occupied during the

    1991-1994 war. The official Armenian position has been that

    all but one of those districts will be returned, but only if

    Baku agrees to relations with Karabakh on an equal footing.

    The Lachin district, which provides the shortest overland

    connection between Armenia and the disputed enclave, is not

    up for negotiation, according to Yerevan.

    For hard-line elements in Armenia and Karabakh, this is

    too soft a position. They believe the lands "liberated by

    blood" are vital to national security and should not be

    traded for peace.

    The question of the occupied territories was at the

    heart of differences between Ter-Petrossian and Kocharian in

    February 1998, when the latter insisted they should be

    returned only after Karabakh's final status is

    internationally determined. The ex-president, for his part,

    backed an international peace plan whereby the handover would

    precede a decision on the future status of the enclave.

    In November 1998, the Kocharian administration persuaded

    the OSCE to put forward new proposals that envisaged a

    "package" solution to the conflict, as opposed to the

    previous "step-by-step" strategy. The new plan reportedly

    upheld Karabakh's de facto independence in a loose "common

    state" with Azerbaijan. It was largely backed by Armenian

    leaders, including Vazgen Sargsian, the late prime minister

    and Yerkrapah's founder, and was obviously the best the

    Armenians could get from the international community.

    Sargsian's five months as government head must have been

    enough for him to acquire first-hand knowledge of the

    country's enormous socio-economic woes and to understand the

    potential benefits of peace. And there was no question of

    Sargsian failing to win the support for that peace deal of

    his Yerkrapah loyalists, many of them molded by the war,

    given that his moral authority among them was unquestionable.

    But things have changed since Sargsian and seven other

    officials were shot dead in the 27 October attack on the

    parliament. There now seems to be nobody who could rein in

    Yerkrapah. Current Prime Minister Aram Sargsian, Vazgen's

    inexperienced brother, is not considered a political

    heavyweight, and there is a large question mark over the

    ability of the Republican Party of Armenia, Yerkrapah's

    political wing that controls parliament, to act on its own.

    The parliament attack has weakened Kocharian, who has

    come under fire from the late premier's allies, some of whom

    have called for his resignation. On 5 February, Kocharian

    again felt the chill of Yerkrapah's disapproval.

    Kocharian's every move on Karabakh will likely be

    treated with suspicion, at the very least. How Yerkrapah will

    behave when the time comes to make critical decisions is

    difficult to say. But it is already clear that the Armenian

    president no longer has a free hand in deal-making.

    The author is an RFE/RL correspondent based in Yerevan.

    17-02-00


    Reprinted with permission of Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
    URL: http://www.rferl.org


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