RFE/RL Newsline, Vol. 5, No. 138, 01-07-24

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RFE/RL NEWSLINE

Vol. 5, No. 138, 24 July 2001

CONTENTS

[A] TRANSCAUCASUS AND CENTRAL ASIA

[01] FOUR MORE PARLIAMENT DEPUTIES QUIT

[02] ...WHILE SECOND ARMENIAN PARLIAMENT FACTION

[03] TWO ARMENIAN OFFICIALS SAY THEY WERE SACKED

[04] ARMENIA REGISTERS GROWTH IN GDP, EXPORTS

[05] DATE SET FOR PAPAL VISITS TO ARMENIA,

[06] IRAN WARNS AZERBAIJAN OVER CASPIAN OIL

[07] FOUR ABKHAZ KILLED IN AMBUSH

[08] GEORGIAN PARLIAMENT DEPUTY IMPLICATED IN

[09] KYRGYZ DEFENSE OFFICIAL DENIES NEW INVASION

[10] KYRGYZ GOVERNMENT DETAILS PLANS FOR

[11] KYRGYZ CONSTITUTIONAL COURT REJECTS DUAL

[12] TAJIKISTAN APPLIES FOR OBSERVER MEMBERSHIP

[B] SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE

[13] BUSH VISITS KOSOVA...

[14] ...TO A ROUSING WELCOME FROM U.S. TROOPS

[15] BUSH CALLS FOR SETTLEMENT IN MACEDONIA

[16] MACEDONIAN GOVERNMENT THREATENS

[17] MACEDONIAN-ALBANIAN GUERRILLAS DENY

[18] UNHCR CONCERNED OVER RENEWED MACEDONIAN

[19] MONTENEGRIN MARIJUANA HAUL

[20] DETAILS OF CROATIAN-SLOVENIAN AGREEMENT...

[21] ...WHICH TOOK A LONG TIME TO PRODUCE

[22] CROATIAN WAR CRIMES SUSPECT TO TURN SELF IN

[23] ROMANIA, FRANCE BOOST COOPERATION

[24] RAIFFEISEN TAKES OVER ROMANIA'S BANCA

[25] NEW ILLEGAL CHILD ADOPTION SCANDAL IN

[26] ROMANIAN FOREIGN MINISTER MEETS OSCE HIGH

[27] BULGARIAN PARLIAMENT APPROVES SIMEON AND

[28] BULGARIAN PRESIDENT CONCERNED ABOUT

[C] END NOTE

[29] YUSHCHENKO INITIATES PRO-REFORM ELECTION

[A] TRANSCAUCASUS AND CENTRAL ASIA

[01] FOUR MORE PARLIAMENT DEPUTIES QUIT

Deputy parliament speaker

Gagik Aslanian and three parliament deputies quit the People's Party

of Armenia (HZhK) on 23 July, RFE/RL's Yerevan bureau reported.

As a result of those latest defections, the HZhK parliament faction

has shrunk from 20 to 13 members over the past month (see

"RFE/RL Newsline," 18 and 19 July 2001). LF

[02] ...WHILE SECOND ARMENIAN PARLIAMENT FACTION

The Kayunutiun (Stability)

parliament faction announced on 23 July its decision to rename the

faction the "People's Agro-Industrial Union" (AAZhM), Noyan

Tapan reported. Two former HZhK deputies who had left that party

announced their decision the same day to join the new faction. Also

on 23 July, President Robert Kocharian named Vartan Ayvazian,

who headed Kayunutiun, as ecology minister, Noyan Tapan

reported. Ayvazian must resign his parliamentary mandate to take up

a ministerial post. The new AAZhM faction has 11 members, and

one of the former HZhK deputies, Hmayak Hovannisian, was elected

its chairman, RFE/RL's Yerevan bureau reported. Hovannisian, who

is a staunch Kocharian supporter, said the revamped faction will

follow a "centrist" and "pragmatic" line. LF

[03] TWO ARMENIAN OFFICIALS SAY THEY WERE SACKED

Outgoing Ecology Minister

Murad Muradian told RFE/RL on 23 July that his dismissal, which

President Kocharian announced on 21 July (see "RFE/RL

Newsline," 23 July 2001), was demanded by a criminal mafia that is

plundering Armenia's natural resources, including scarce timber. He

suggested that Kocharian acceded to that demand out of "political

expediency." Also on 23 July, a second sacked official, former

Deputy Minister for State Property Vanya Mkhitarian, similarly

blamed his dismissal on his previous revelations of the plundering of

natural resources. LF

[04] ARMENIA REGISTERS GROWTH IN GDP, EXPORTS

of 2001 compared with the same period last year, Noyan Tapan

reported on 23 July. Exports during the first six months of 2001 grew

by 9.3 percent and amounted to $155.8 million. LF

[05] DATE SET FOR PAPAL VISITS TO ARMENIA,

Pope John Paul II will visit Armenia from 25-27

September at the invitation of President Kocharian and Catholicos

Garegin II within the framework of the year-long celebrations to

mark the 1700th anniversary of the adoption of Christianity as

Armenia's state religion, Noyan Tapan reported on 23 July. The

pontiff was originally scheduled to visit Armenia two years ago, but

that trip was cancelled due to the terminal illness of Garegin's

predecessor (see "RFE/RL Newsline," 7, 17 and 30 June 1999).

Prior to his arrival in Armenia, the pope will visit Kazakhstan from

22-25 September at the invitation of President Nursultan Nazarbaev,

Interfax reported on 20 July, quoting the presidential press service.

LF

[06] IRAN WARNS AZERBAIJAN OVER CASPIAN OIL

Iran's Deputy Foreign Minister Ali Ahani on

21 July lodged a formal protest with Azerbaijan's charge d'affaires in

Tehran against plans by the Azerbaijan state oil company SOCAR

and foreign oil companies, including BP and Exxon/Mobil, to

develop the Araz-Alov-Sharg oil deposits that Iran considers lie

within its section of the Caspian Sea, Turan and the "Financial

Times" reported. Two Iranian air force planes overflew the Araz-

Alov-Sharg deposit on the afternoon of 23 July, and later that

evening an Iranian warship entered Azerbaijani territorial waters and

threatened to open fire on an Azerbaijani oil exploration ship unless

it left the area, AP reported. Azerbaijan's Prime Minister Artur

Rasizade summoned Iranian Ambassador Ahad Gazai on 24 July to

protest those actions, which he described as "a gross violation of

international norms," according to Turan. LF

[07] FOUR ABKHAZ KILLED IN AMBUSH

servicemen and two civilians died on 22 July when unidentified

attackers opened fire on their horse-drawn cart in the demilitarized

zone between Abkhazia and the rest of Georgia, Caucasus Press

reported. At an emergency cabinet session on 23 July, Abkhaz

Prime Minister Anri Djergenia blamed the killings on Georgian

guerillas operating with impunity in the demilitarized zone. An

unnamed Georgian spokesman rejected Djergenia's claims, and

attributed the killings to fighting between Abkhaz criminal factions.

Speaking in New York on 23 July, UN Secretary-General Kofi

Annan expressed concern that the total 21 killings in Abkhazia over

the past three months have led to the suspension of talks between the

Georgian and Abkhaz leaderships, RFE/RL's UN correspondent

reported on 24 July. LF

[08] GEORGIAN PARLIAMENT DEPUTY IMPLICATED IN

Parliament deputy David

Bezhuashvili of the majority Union of Citizens of Georgia faction on

23 July denied accusations against him made at a Georgian

government session by Temur Shashiashvili, the governor of the west

Georgian province of Imereti, Caucasus Press reported. Shashiashvili

claimed that Bezhuashvili was involved in machinations intended to

bring about the bankruptcy of Georgia's two largest industrial

enterprises, the Chiatura Manganese Plant and the Zestafon Ferrous

Alloys Works, and in the illegal export of silica-manganese from the

former. Shashiashvili further alleged that Bezhuashvili has an

influential protector in Justice Minister Mikhail Saakashvili.

Shashiashvili produced documentation in support of his claims that

has been passed to the State Security Ministry. LF

[09] KYRGYZ DEFENSE OFFICIAL DENIES NEW INVASION

Defense Ministry spokesman Mirbek Koilubaev on

23 July rejected as inaccurate predictions made the previous day by

Russia's RTR television that an incursion into Kyrgyzstan by Islamic

militants is imminent, RFE/RL's Bishkek bureau reported.

Koilubaev said that separate small groups of militants have taken up

positions on the border between Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan, but that

Kyrgyz government troops are ready to repel any attempt by those

groups to enter Kyrgyz territory. LF

[10] KYRGYZ GOVERNMENT DETAILS PLANS FOR

The Kyrgyz government

decided on 23 July to form a special commission, to be chaired by

First Deputy Premier Nikolai Tanaev, which will oversee the

privatization of the Kyrgyzenergo energy giant, RFE/RL's Bishkek

bureau reported. As decided in January (see "RFE/RL Newsline,"

10 and 15 January 2001), Kyrgyzenergo has already been divided

on paper into five separate joint-stock companies in preparation for

privatization, despite objections from the parliamentary opposition

(see "RFE/RL Newsline," 2 and 3 July 2001). LF

[11] KYRGYZ CONSTITUTIONAL COURT REJECTS DUAL

Kyrgyzstan's Constitutional Court has rejected a

proposal by some 70 parliament deputies to amend the constitution

to allow for dual Kyrgyz-Russian citizenship (see "RFE/RL

Newsline," 5 June 2001), parliament deputy Omurbek Tekebaev told

RFE/RL's Bishkek bureau on 23 July. LF

[12] TAJIKISTAN APPLIES FOR OBSERVER MEMBERSHIP

Tajikistan has formally applied for observer status with

the World Trade Organization, Deputy Trade and Economy Minister

Isroil Mahmudov told Asia Plus-Blitz on 23 July. LF

[B] SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE

[13] BUSH VISITS KOSOVA...

arrived in Kosova on 24 July from Rome for a brief visit with U.S.

KFOR troops at Camp Bondsteel, AP reported. He will also meet

with Hans Haekkerup, who heads the UN's civilian administration,

and Norwegian General Thorstein Skiaker, who commands NATO

peacekeepers. National security adviser Condoleezza Rice said that

"the president wants to thank our troops for their service there,"

Reuters reported. The previous day, Bush said that "Americans came

into the Balkans with our friends and we will leave with our friends."

An unnamed "senior aide" added that "we will go out together, but

the other part of that point, which sometimes gets forgotten here in

Europe, is that we want to hasten the day when we'll go out together

by building democratic institutions by deploying civil police and so

forth." PM

[14] ...TO A ROUSING WELCOME FROM U.S. TROOPS

the 6,000 U.S. KFOR troops based at Camp Bondsteel turned out to

welcome Bush on 24 July, BBC Television reported. Bush drew

loud cheers when he signed a military benefits and spending

package on the spot. Bush praised the troops for their "sacrifices for

our freedom." He also held up the U.S. military as an example of

how people from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds can work

together. He noted the role played by KFOR in Kosova and

indirectly in Macedonia, recalling his recent measures to cut off aid

and support for the guerrillas (see "RFE/RL Newsline," 28 June

2001). PM

[15] BUSH CALLS FOR SETTLEMENT IN MACEDONIA

statement issued to the media at Camp Bondsteel on 24 July, Bush

said: "I call on the parties [in the Macedonian conflict] to maintain

the cease-fire. And I call on the elected leaders to work...to overcome

the remaining differences to achieving a settlement that will keep

Macedonia at peace and on the road to Europe," Reuters reported.

Referring to the Kosovars, Bush added: "Those here in Kosovo who

support the insurgency in Macedonia are hurting the interests of

ethnic Albanians throughout the region. The people of Kosovo

should focus on Kosovo." Bush stressed that "our goal is to hasten

the day when peace is self-sustaining" in Bosnia and Kosova. PM

[16] MACEDONIAN GOVERNMENT THREATENS

Occasional gunfire could be heard in the vicinity of

Tetovo on 24 July, following more serious exchanges over the

previous two days (see "RFE/RL Newsline," 23 July 2001). The

fighting on 23 July left one girl dead, 19 civilians injured, and five

Macedonian soldiers wounded, Reuters reported. The U.S. appealed

for calm and criticized any breach of the cease-fire. But Macedonian

Defense Minister Vlado Buckovski said that government forces

might launch an all-out offensive against the National Liberation

Army (UCK) unless the guerrillas pull back from Tetovo. "If the

terrorists do not retreat to their previous positions...we will have no

other option but to dislodge them with our offensive," AP reported.

The minister added: "We demand that NATO secure the cease-fire,

because NATO and the international community provided us with

guarantees for the cease-fire. We expect NATO to ensure that the

terrorists withdraw to their previous positions." PM

[17] MACEDONIAN-ALBANIAN GUERRILLAS DENY

In a signed statement in Tetovo, UCK

commander Nazmi Beqiri blamed government forces for the fighting:

"The UCK has no reason for military operations at a time when we

are expecting a political agreement to be signed," Reuters quoted

him as saying on 24 July. An unnamed "senior diplomat" said that

"the violence absolutely damages the talks because it hardens the

positions of both sides." U.S. mediator James Pardew and his EU

counterpart Francois Leotard said in a joint statement: "We urge

those responsible for these actions to respect the cease-fire. Violence

is unacceptable and does nothing to further the cause of the people in

this region. It could only undermine the peace process while the

political talks are still ongoing." PM

[18] UNHCR CONCERNED OVER RENEWED MACEDONIAN

UNHCR spokesman Ron Redmond said in Geneva

on 24 July that "despite the renewed fighting, there was no

perceptible movement of people out of Tetovo" on 23 July, AP

reported. He added that, nonetheless, the "UNHCR is deeply

concerned at the latest cease-fire violations." Redmond stressed: "We

fear that the longer this uncertainty and displacement goes on, the

deeper the rift between ethnic communities." A total of 76,000

persons have fled Macedonia to Kosova since the fighting began in

the spring. Some 15,000 have since returned home. PM

[19] MONTENEGRIN MARIJUANA HAUL

Podgorica on 24 July that they have found 200 kilograms of

marijuana on the shores of Lake Shkoder, which forms part of the

border between Albania and Montenegro, dpa reported. In recent

years, both countries have acquired the reputation of being centers of

smuggling activities. The large lake accounts for much of the illicit

traffic. PM

[20] DETAILS OF CROATIAN-SLOVENIAN AGREEMENT...

Minister Ivica Racan and Slovenia's Janez Drnovsek is beginning to

leak out to the media, RFE/RL's South Slavic Service reported (see

"RFE/RL Newsline," 20 July 2001). The pact stipulates that

Slovenia will have access to the open sea through a corridor 3,600

meters wide and 11 kilometers deep. The corridor will be flanked by

Croatian territorial waters and will not impinge on Croatia's maritime

frontier with Italy. "Novi List" published what it called a precise map

on 24 July. PM

[21] ...WHICH TOOK A LONG TIME TO PRODUCE

Foreign Minister Dimitrij Rupel said in Ljubljana on 22 July that the

agreement took a decade to work out, Hina reported. He noted that

Slovenia and Croatia came very close to an agreement under former

Croatian Prime Minister Zlatko Matesa, but that, otherwise, relations

have oscillated between very cordial and "very cold." He noted that

"some people," whom he did not name, would have preferred to

construct a "Berlin Wall" between the two countries. Other

individuals, he added, preferred the former Yugoslavia and refused to

accept that Slovenia and Croatia are now sovereign countries that

need to regulate their mutual relations. PM

[22] CROATIAN WAR CRIMES SUSPECT TO TURN SELF IN

charges of war crimes, dpa reported on 23 July (see "RFE/RL

Newsline," 10 and 18 July 2001). Elsewhere, a Zagreb court put an

unnamed general on its wanted list in conjunction with a similar

indictment by The Hague-based tribunal, Hina reported. He is

believed to be General Ante Gotovina, who was indicted at the same

time as Ademi. Media reports have suggested that Gotovina is

defiant and in hiding, possibly in Herzegovina. PM

[23] ROMANIA, FRANCE BOOST COOPERATION

French Prime Minister Lionel Jospin said in Bucharest on 23 July

that Romania can rely on France's support for EU and NATO

integration, but it should first rely on its own efforts to facilitate that

integration process, Romanian media reported. France is the main

foreign investor in Romania, with some $800 million. Jospin is the

first important European leader to visit Romania since the November

2000 elections there. Serban Mihailescu, the Romanian

Government's general-secretary, and French Minister for European

Affairs Pierre Moscovici signed a cooperation agreement on child

protection. The French Eurocopter company signed a cooperation

agreement with the IAR Ghimbav helicopter factory near Brasov

aimed at establishing the Eurocopter Romania company, with a

French majority stake. ZsM

[24] RAIFFEISEN TAKES OVER ROMANIA'S BANCA

Romanian Privatization Minister Ovidiu Musetescu

on 23 July signed the protocol concerning the sale of Banca

Agricola, Mediafax reported. The government approved the

privatization contract by which control of the bank would be handed

over to a partnership between the Romanian-American Investment

Fund and Raiffeisen Zentralbank Austria. The bank is to be called

Raiffeisen Banca Agricola. The new owners paid $15 million for 98

percent of the state-owned shares and are to raise the bank's capital

by $37 million. ZsM

[25] NEW ILLEGAL CHILD ADOPTION SCANDAL IN

The former director of Bucharest's fifth precinct

Child Protection Office was arrested on 23 July, Mediafax reported.

Sorin Diaconescu is charged with assisting in the illegal adoption of

eight children from foster homes. Four children were selected for

adoption by families from abroad through a Constanta-based

foundation. The Romanian police are also investigating the allegedly

illegal adoptions of 62 Romanian children by families in Greece,

Great Britain, Italy, Israel, and the U.S. ZsM

[26] ROMANIAN FOREIGN MINISTER MEETS OSCE HIGH

Romanian

Foreign Minister and acting OSCE Chairman Mircea Geoana met

OSCE High Commissioner on National Minorities Rolf Ekeus on

23 July in Bucharest, Mediafax reported. The two discussed national

minorities in the Balkans as well as the Hungarian Status Law.

Ekeus said that both the issue of the Status Law and problems

relating to the Romany population should receive "European"

responses. They also discussed the current situation in Macedonia

and Kosova. According to Geoana, the situation of the Roma will be

analyzed by an OSCE-sponsored conference to be convened in

Romania in October. ZsM

[27] BULGARIAN PARLIAMENT APPROVES SIMEON AND

Simeon Saxecoburggotski, the former king

of Bulgaria, was approved by parliament as the country's premier on

24 July, AP reported. The vote was 141 to 50, with 46 abstentions.

Saxecoburggotski said after the vote that "this choice is a turning

point in my life and I will do all I can for the country and for every

Bulgarian." In a second vote, Saxecoburggotski's cabinet was

approved by a 147 to 50 vote, with 41 abstentions. The new premier

said: "I dedicate my taking the office of prime minister to the forces

of youth and creativity," perhaps a reference to the inclusion of

several young members in his cabinet, whose average age is 45. He

added: "Today we stand a real chance to usher Bulgaria into the new

21st century and take the place we deserve in a united Europe."

Nadezhda Mihailova, the parliamentary leader of the opposition

United Democratic Forces, said her party voted against

Saxecoburggotski and his government because it includes two

members of the Socialist party, the former communist party.

Mihailova said their inclusion in the government "distorts" the

voters' will. Most members of the Socialist party abstained from the

votes. PB

[28] BULGARIAN PRESIDENT CONCERNED ABOUT

Petar Stoyanov said on 24 July that he spoke with

Macedonian President Boris Trajkovski the previous night about the

fighting there, BTA reported. Stoyanov said the situation in

Macedonia amid the renewed fighting in Tetovo is "very alarming"

and that he will be discussing it with members of the new

government. Stoyanov said he is confident that "common sense" will

prevail in the talks aimed at resolving the situation. PB

[C] END NOTE

[29] YUSHCHENKO INITIATES PRO-REFORM ELECTION

By Jan Maksymiuk

On 15 July, from atop Ukraine's highest peak, Hoverlya in the

Carpathian Mountains, former Prime Minister Viktor Yushchenko

announced the formation of an electoral bloc named Nasha Ukrayina

(Our Ukraine) and called on pro-reformist, democratically minded,

and nationally conscious forces to join it. Some 2,000 members of

Ukraine's two Rukh parties and the Reform and Order Party as well

as journalists climbed Hoverlya to mark the 11th anniversary of

Ukraine's sovereignty and listen to Yushchenko's announcement.

Yushchenko's announcement had been impatiently awaited in

Ukraine since 26 April, when he was voted out of his post as prime

minister jointly by the Communists and oligarchical groups in the

parliament. Shortly after the vote of no confidence, Yushchenko

addressed his supporters outside the parliamentary building,

pledging to return to politics soon.

Yushchenko said on 15 July that he wants Our Ukraine to win

next year's parliamentary elections and form a government. The bloc

and its manifesto are to be forged this fall. Yushchenko named no

specific forces during his 15 July pronouncement, but it is already

clear that Our Ukraine will include the Popular Rukh of Ukraine

(Hennadiy Udovenko's wing), the Ukrainian Popular Rukh (Yuriy

Kostenko's wing), and the Reform and Order Party of Viktor

Pynzenyk. Most likely, the Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists will

also join Our Ukraine.

Yushchenko is Ukraine's most popular and most trusted

politician. A recent poll by the GfK-USM polling center found that if

a presidential election had been held in July, Yushchenko would

have obtained 32.4 percent of the vote. The same poll found that

Communist Party leader Petro Symonenko would have been backed

by 17.4 percent of voters, and incumbent President Leonid Kuchma

by 10.2 percent. It is no wonder that the bloc headed by the former

premier is tipped by most Ukrainian commentators to win a

significant parliamentary representation.

It is difficult to make any predictions regarding Our Ukraine's

election chances some eight months before the election date, but it is

already clear that Yushchenko must look for more allies in order to

build a force that would be able to control the future parliament. As

of now, he may be sure of voters' support in western Ukraine, where

both Rukhs have most of their adherents. But in Ukraine the political

climate is defined not by the traditionally nationalist western areas of

the country, but by the heavily populated and industrialized east. As

of now, Yushchenko appears to have little leverage, if any, in the east.

There is a danger that his personal popularity may not help Our

Ukraine's candidate in eastern constituencies.

Yushchenko has apparently decided not to confront President

Kuchma directly, therefore he rejected invitations to join and head

the anti-Kuchma opposition grouped in the National Salvation

Forum (FNP) and the Ukraine Without Kuchma movement.

Therefore, the recently created FNP election committee -- the

Fatherland Party, the Sobor Party, the Social-Democratic Party, the

Republican Party, the Conservative Republican Party, and the

Republican Party -- will most likely compete for parliamentary seats

with Yushchenko's people. True, Yuliya Tymoshenko, a former close

associate of Yushchenko in his cabinet and currently the head of the

NFP election committee, said her bloc is going to propose "peaceful

coexistence or cooperation" to Yushchenko. But it is difficult to see

how such a goal can be achieved in practice, especially as both Our

Ukraine and the FNP heavily rely on voting support in western

Ukraine.

Following in Yushchenko's and Tymoshenko's footsteps, other

groups have also announced their political alliances for the 2002

ballot. Socialist Party leader Oleksandr Moroz said his party will

forge an election alliance with the All-Ukrainian Party of Working

People, the Social Democratic Party, the Party for the Protection of

Farmers' Interests, and the Greens of the 21st Century Party. The

pro-Kuchma parties -- the Agrarian Party, the Popular Democratic

Party, the Party of Regions, and the Labor Ukraine Party -- signed a

declaration to create a joint election bloc. Ivan Chyzh, the leader of

the All-Ukrainian Association of Leftist "Justice" (and a former

associate of Moroz), announced that he is currently negotiating the

creation of a "very original and very powerful" election bloc. And

two pro-Russian parties are working to create a separate coalition

named the Russian Bloc for the 2002 parliamentary elections.

One should also remember just how powerful the Communist

Party is in Ukraine, with voter approval not below 20 percent. And

there are two influential oligarchical parties, the Social Democratic

Party (United) and the Democratic Union, which, according to

popular opinion, possess considerable administrative, financial, and

media leverage in Ukrainian politics. Thus, Yushchenko faces an

uphill task in promoting his bloc in Ukraine's political arena. The

initial conditions for his initiative are auspicious. According to some

analysts, Our Ukraine can count on some 25 percent support among

the electorate as of now, which means that the bloc is the country's

most popular political force. But the election campaign has not yet

started. And this also means that Yushchenko's rivals have not yet

started to work toward undermining his political clout.

24-07-01

Reprinted with permission of Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
URL: http://www.rferl.org

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